Katie Lee June 2010

[Katie Lee]

Notes 6/7/10
Plot Structure
(narrative)
Exposition=beginning, nothing really happening, sets the background, establishes the characters
Rising Action= things start to develop and everything starts picking up
Climax= turning point of the action, most exciting
Falling Action=
Denouement= resolution/conclusion to the story

Inciting Incident (between Exposition and Rising Action)= when something new happens
jest= joke
jester= joker
sopor= sleep

archaic words= thou, thee, thine, thy
thou=you as subject
thee=you as object

state of being= linking verb

I am a teacher= predicate noun (noun)
I am cool= predicate adjective (adj.)
(only works on linking verb)
If you have a linking verb you need an adjective and a noun



Both A and B are
Both of A and B are

[Notes]

6/8/10
Can not scarcely= double negative
can not rarely/hardly/barely= double negative
eminent= respected
imminent= about to happen

he sang so loudly
not: he sang so loud

where= plan
( a plan in which/ Not: a plan where)
when= time

I like the part of the story in which
Not: I like the part of the story when
He refused to abase himself because he didn't want to humiliate himself.

liberal nor the candidate was prepared/ Not: liberal nor the candidate were prepared

conciliatory= soothing, trying to make up
intemperate= not mile, extreme
haranguing= verbal abuse
facile= easy
histrionic=over acting
inscrutable, not scrutable
convivial= lively
solicitous= caring


anthropological fallacy=relating to humans, (fallacy) a wrong, mistaken belief
novelty= something new
deception= lie, somebody giving wrong information to someone

undermine= to weaken


Skim the reading
read all introduction and topic sentences thoroughly.

[Notes 6110]

accused of being/doing
Active: I kicked the ball.
Passive Voice: The ball was kicked by me.

Every technician= single

more+than

[notes]

Notes 6/10/10
bell= war
Ante bellum period= the American civil war

avi= bird
rara- rare
Avis rara= A rare bird, something special

Sigmund Freud= coined all these terms below
psychologist= all books, all theories and experiments
psychiatrist = M.D.
psychoanalysis= conscious level vs your sub conscious mind

Three important ideas in social situation
Id= driven by Id, animal instinct (evil)
Ego= balance between the two (the self) decision
Superego= sense of orality and rules (angel)

heart of darkness= book about these three ideas

Oedipus Complex= mama's boy
competing with the father to get his mother's affection

Oedipus Rex(king)= an old play,narrative myth

Anal Retentive= when potty training, the kid holds back his poop (grows up as uptight, neat freak)

Anal Expulsive= when potty training, the kid pooping when ever at any where (grows up to be a slop, messy)

Anal= fastidious, perfectionist

hubris= pride that makes you a tragic hero


Strong Statement= strong emotionally serious tone
strong opinion about it (needs emotional, descriptive words)
(something that makes
* when writing be a lawyer!!



poll= asking what your vote is going to be, a prediciton

[Notes]

Notes 6/14/10
prevent...from
prevent him from

coma before which, no comma before that
the apple, which is rotten
the apple that is rotten









Darwinism v.s. Creationism
debate among religion and evolution.
calls creationism an intelligent design.




ante bellum
in media res=(in media rays/ ray) in middle of things
used in literature, story beginning in the middle of things

Charles Darwin= responsible for changing our thoughts for biology

Theory of Evolution
- natural selection (vs. artificial selection)
all dogs are decedents from wolf, over time man has made them artificial selection
evolution occurs
- survival of the fittest
in a given situation, only the ones that are most fit in that environment are able to pass on their genes.
- mutations
a genetic accident. has to happen when you have one cell. mutation as adult you get cancer. having five fingers is
got on a ship to help with some merchant business. Travelled a lot. Scientific guy, observed different typed of animals.
Galapagos Island and he studied finches. Archipelago is a group of small islands. He noticed how the beak of these finches were perfect for eating. Started out as same species, but became different species because of natural selection. Over many generations, those who survive are able to reproduce more of themselves. In the process of evolution, those who couldn't survive died.
artificial selection
man selecting which ones are gonna .
natural selection
Example: birds have choices between eating green and orange beetle, decides to eat only green ones. generations later, the orange ones are left over
In nature, mother nature is selecting which ones will survive and which ones don't.

peppered moths survived more. during the industrial revolution, new factories were built, lot of smoke and soot. All trees got covered with soot, so the white peppered moths disappeared.

misconception = Lamarck had a theory that is not tree. people think giraffe got longer necks because the giraffes kept of reaching up for the trees,but this is wrong. This can't happen because genes and dna are unchangeable.

watch and the watchmaker,
In a title, the first and last word is capitalized, with the big words.

pronoun case: nominative= subject of sentence
objective case=object of a sentence
possessive case= possession
iterrogative pronoun
who= he
whom=him. someone
niether is singular
both do
either is singular
after than use I, he, she

[Notes]

6/21/10
Taxes
taxes come from people and goes to government
government pays for
roads
cia
police
fire department
schools
Different levels of income taxes
federal= US has a federal government
28%
State=
5%
Local= County

Sales taxes
Wealth taxes= If your rich you pay another tax

Property tax= paying tax on that property because you own it
this tax goes to pay for local roads, police, schools, fire departments


individual Income tax
whatever you earn , by april 15th is the last due day for you to pay all the taxes

Federal Tax rate
payroll taxes
social security
-12% if own your own business

non food objects you have to pay sales tax

Is tax good or bad?
Is it necessary for us to pay this much?

arrogance= stuck up
contend= the author contends that...
dissent=disagree
expedite= speed up
impede= hinder
lament= cry over it
ostentatious= showy
raze= destroy completely
squander= waste
verbose= wordy

articulate= talking fluently
contentious= fighting
dissonance= bad sound
dis= away/apart
discord= no harmony
explicit= totally clear
implausible= unlikely
lampoon= ridicule, make fun
pacifist=one opposed to violence
rebuttal= response with a contrary evidence
stagnant= motionless
viable= workable

artifacts= Roman artifacts
contract= compress or shrink
divergent= differing
exploit= make use of
implement= any tool
languish= lose strength
parody=humorous imitation, making fun of something
recant= retract a previous statement
static= minor character that doesn't change
vigor= active strength

artisan= a craft person
contrite= feeling sorry
doctrine= policy
extol= praise
implication= hinted
laud= praise with words
parsimony= stinginess
recluse= loner
steadfast= loyal;unchanging
vilify= slander

ascendancy= above your followers, dominance
converge= come together
document=provide written evidence
wextraneous= not essential
implicit= implied
lavish=wasteful
partisan= one-sided
recount=narrate or tell
stoic= impassive
vindicate= clear from blame


who=he
whom=him

all of the boys= are
all of the water= is
everyone= singular
if in prepositional phrase= me, him, her, us, them
between you and me

between= for 2 things
among = for more than 3 things

3 verbals
participle= adjective
gerund= verb form , used as a noun
drawing is fun
infinitive= to do form of the verb, a noun, adj., or and adverb, not a verb

[notes]

Status quo (the existing condition)
=how things are, the way things are now
you like your status quo



Political Scale
Once in office everyone is moderate in their political office
conservatives= republicans
like the old traditional values.
wealthy
liberal= democratic
want change, more social programs(taking care of the commoners, poor) freedom from individual
little money
extreme right- reactionaries (ultraconservaties)
extreme on being traditional
likes old fashion ways
extreme left=ultra liberals (radicals)
want a total change

conservative liberalism=favor old traditional things, but you still want less government
left= progressive
right= conservative
libertarian = progressive (no government control)
authoritarian= conservative (all government control)
anarchism= no law no government controlling you

Nelson Mandela = freedom fighter (black) apartheid was eliminated
given the noble peace prize, stayed in prison for 26 years

Saddam Hussein= president of Iraq, a dictator who ruled Iraq, america took over. Put in trial for crimes against the humanity. Executed.

background
start broadly with the topic, and narrow down the issue to a focused thesis statement.
literary analysis
be=ackground is the only ple where you can give a summary in two or three paragraphs.
You cannot summarize the poem or the story anywhere in the body paragraphs
if responding to a piece of literature. you must mention the author and title of the work in the background
Do Not Use= "The Road Not Taken" is a poem written by Robert Frost.
Do Use= "The Road Not Take," by Robert Frost, is a thoughtful poem about a man who has to make a choice when the road he has been travelling
use underline for novels or plays, and quotation marks for poems or short stories

[Notes]

6/22/10


Income Tax
When you make money, you have to pay the government a certain amount
Goes to different governments
federal= biggest chunk
state
local=city
based on what you earned
Payrool taxes
social security= insurance for your retirement
putting money into a social security fund
old people who don't work they get payed because as they were young, they placed money into the same fund
Medicare
government provided money for poor people who has to go to hospital
Government holds on to the tax money
take out your money because they can't trust you
if they withheld too much, they give it back to you (tax refund)
Slaes tax
all the money you spend
food items you don't pay for
Federal Tax Rate
You fit into brackets
if you make 100,000 dollars
you fit into a bracket with the range between 74,200 to 154.800
if that is the case you pay 28% of your income for taxes
as you make more, the government takes more from the richer
people don't like that
Social security plus medicare is called FICA
a word on a paycheck stub
you get your paycheck, but you get a stub that tells you how much went to tax
you pay 7.45% for FICA
state tax= 5%
S.S/ FICA =15%
48% of income goes to tax
30-40% for gas
started with 100,000 end p with 52,000
property tax=4%
60% goes for the tax
half of your money goes to the government
What does the government do with it?
jet fighters= millions
funding the war
the soldiers
CIA= goes to foreign countries to start revolutions
oil spill
the taxation of the people is justified
How much does government take?
ware fare






Right:insight into something
Wrong:insight for something

Possessive before a gerund
University's granting
Sally's sleeping

subject comes with the verb
A is big
A= subject
Joe kicked the ball
S-V-O
syntax

Wrong=a speech where he proposed
Right=a speech in which he proposed