Post by djxkorean on Jul 12, 2009 7:07:25 GMT -8
The French and Indian War 1754-1763
Note: The French and Indian War was also known as the 7 Years War in Europe
I. Native Americans helped the French
. . A. Native Americans sided with the French (minus the Iroquois) because they promised to right the wrongs the Native Americans faced.
. . B. A war against the French and the Native Americans
II. Problematic Beginnings
. . A. George Washington loses the opening of the War to France (1754)
. . B. Albany Congress
. . . . 1. Called to deal with Iroquois raids from Florida to Canada
. . . . 2. Grand Council
. . . . . . a. what it said:
. . . . . . . . i. using taxes, would pay for a single armed forced representing all the colonies to regulate trade agreements w/ Native Americans
. . . . . . . . ii. make treaties with Native Americans
. . . . . . . . iii. settle boundary disputes
. . . . . . . . iv. take care of things of common concern to the colonies AS A GROUP
. . . . . . b. Passed by Albany Congress but opposed by colonies
. . . . . . . . i. colonies reluctant to place armed men in a force it could not control or under command of someone from another colony.
. . . . . . . . ii. Colonies fearful of losing power of independent action MORE THAN
. . . . . . c. Opposed by King
. . . . . . . . i. viewed a union of armed force representing colonies as threat against crown (rightfully so)
. . C. 2nd attack on Fort Duquesne (location of start of War) leads to General being killed and Lieutenant Colonel retreating (1755)
. . D. War spreads to Europe (1756)
III. Comeback
. . A. War isn't going well for England or for English colonies.
. . B.William Pitt heads a New Ministry (1757)
. . . . 1. Lord Jeffrey Amherst and James Wolfe, commanders with great ability, take control
. . C. General Wolfe takes the Great Fortress of Quebec on the Plains of Abraham
. . . . 1. decisive battle (England basically won the war)
. . D. General Montreal takes Montreal from French (1760)
. . . . 1. Note that, to the American colonists, this was the end of the war.
IV. The End
. . A. The Treaty of San Ildefonso (1762)
. . . . 1. Basically, France makes up for its loss to Spain, who had chosen to ally itself with France.
. . B. Treaty of Paris (1763)
. . . . 1. Frances loses all of its holding in North America, ceding all of it to England and Spain
. . . . . . a. Everything west of the Mississippi River (minus New Orleans) is given to England
. . . . 2. England recognizes the Treaty of Sand Ildefonso
. . . . 3. West Indies redivided as they had been before the war
V. Significance of the French and Indian War
. . A. Because French was out of North America...
. . . . 1. British Colonies
. . . . . . a. no need for British fleet, soldiers, or British wealth to preserve their way of life
. . . . 2. Britain
. . . . . . a. ended up vicotrious but financially broke
. . . . . . b. Because it didn't need support of colonies against French colonies, it didn't need to humor "salutary neglect"
. . . . . . c. because colonies gained so much from the war, they should end up carrying most of the tax load to pay for it
. . B. With most of population scattered, England being far away, it would be difficult to enforce unpopular laws, whether justified or not
Commentary: To me, it seems as if the French and Indian War was THE foundation for the pillars of rebellion to be built upon. The last section of my notes describes this basis. Before the French and Indian War, the relationship between the colonies and England seemed somewhat peaceful. There weren't many full fledged problems. However, the building blocks were set up during this time, as colonists grew accustomed to less overlooking by the King or Parliament. The biggest mistake by England was quickly taking away such freedom (even if the freedom was something that wasn't set up by the English government ie. salutary neglect).
For the English colonies to rebel is rather understandable as a child, but seems as if it a very immature decision to make. Basically, the colonies are complaining because they don't get to have complete freedom from the mother nation. It is comparative to an adolescent who wishes to break away from his/her parent's strangle hold and exercise some independence. Any encroachment whatsoever (even if justified) is viewed with disdain, and this way of thinking is completely immature. It seems that the colonies had gotten past childhood where they were solely dependent upon their parents and worked its way up to being an adolescent, much to the pain of England.
Note: The French and Indian War was also known as the 7 Years War in Europe
I. Native Americans helped the French
. . A. Native Americans sided with the French (minus the Iroquois) because they promised to right the wrongs the Native Americans faced.
. . B. A war against the French and the Native Americans
II. Problematic Beginnings
. . A. George Washington loses the opening of the War to France (1754)
. . B. Albany Congress
. . . . 1. Called to deal with Iroquois raids from Florida to Canada
. . . . 2. Grand Council
. . . . . . a. what it said:
. . . . . . . . i. using taxes, would pay for a single armed forced representing all the colonies to regulate trade agreements w/ Native Americans
. . . . . . . . ii. make treaties with Native Americans
. . . . . . . . iii. settle boundary disputes
. . . . . . . . iv. take care of things of common concern to the colonies AS A GROUP
. . . . . . b. Passed by Albany Congress but opposed by colonies
. . . . . . . . i. colonies reluctant to place armed men in a force it could not control or under command of someone from another colony.
. . . . . . . . ii. Colonies fearful of losing power of independent action MORE THAN
. . . . . . c. Opposed by King
. . . . . . . . i. viewed a union of armed force representing colonies as threat against crown (rightfully so)
. . C. 2nd attack on Fort Duquesne (location of start of War) leads to General being killed and Lieutenant Colonel retreating (1755)
. . D. War spreads to Europe (1756)
III. Comeback
. . A. War isn't going well for England or for English colonies.
. . B.William Pitt heads a New Ministry (1757)
. . . . 1. Lord Jeffrey Amherst and James Wolfe, commanders with great ability, take control
. . C. General Wolfe takes the Great Fortress of Quebec on the Plains of Abraham
. . . . 1. decisive battle (England basically won the war)
. . D. General Montreal takes Montreal from French (1760)
. . . . 1. Note that, to the American colonists, this was the end of the war.
IV. The End
. . A. The Treaty of San Ildefonso (1762)
. . . . 1. Basically, France makes up for its loss to Spain, who had chosen to ally itself with France.
. . B. Treaty of Paris (1763)
. . . . 1. Frances loses all of its holding in North America, ceding all of it to England and Spain
. . . . . . a. Everything west of the Mississippi River (minus New Orleans) is given to England
. . . . 2. England recognizes the Treaty of Sand Ildefonso
. . . . 3. West Indies redivided as they had been before the war
V. Significance of the French and Indian War
. . A. Because French was out of North America...
. . . . 1. British Colonies
. . . . . . a. no need for British fleet, soldiers, or British wealth to preserve their way of life
. . . . 2. Britain
. . . . . . a. ended up vicotrious but financially broke
. . . . . . b. Because it didn't need support of colonies against French colonies, it didn't need to humor "salutary neglect"
. . . . . . c. because colonies gained so much from the war, they should end up carrying most of the tax load to pay for it
. . B. With most of population scattered, England being far away, it would be difficult to enforce unpopular laws, whether justified or not
Commentary: To me, it seems as if the French and Indian War was THE foundation for the pillars of rebellion to be built upon. The last section of my notes describes this basis. Before the French and Indian War, the relationship between the colonies and England seemed somewhat peaceful. There weren't many full fledged problems. However, the building blocks were set up during this time, as colonists grew accustomed to less overlooking by the King or Parliament. The biggest mistake by England was quickly taking away such freedom (even if the freedom was something that wasn't set up by the English government ie. salutary neglect).
For the English colonies to rebel is rather understandable as a child, but seems as if it a very immature decision to make. Basically, the colonies are complaining because they don't get to have complete freedom from the mother nation. It is comparative to an adolescent who wishes to break away from his/her parent's strangle hold and exercise some independence. Any encroachment whatsoever (even if justified) is viewed with disdain, and this way of thinking is completely immature. It seems that the colonies had gotten past childhood where they were solely dependent upon their parents and worked its way up to being an adolescent, much to the pain of England.