Post by djxkorean on Jul 29, 2009 17:05:11 GMT -8
3rd President James Madison (1809-1817)
A MAD(Madison) man Row(4) a boat of SoaP(09) shaped like a DuCK(17).
I. Election and Reelection
. . A. Election: James Madison vs. Charles C. Pinckney
. . . . 1. Republicans: loss of shipping business and ctd. violation of neutral rights by France and England
. . . . 2. Federalist party makes gains in House, but no majority
. . B. Reelection (1812): 5 months after War of 1812
. . . . 1. Federalists make Big gains in Congress; states with seacoast don't support Republican party
II. Macon Act
. . A. Britain: Orders in council; France: Berlin and Milan Decrees
. . . . 1. est. policy of seizing any neutral shipping headed for enemy ports; any ship subject to capture by either England or France
. . . . 2. Embargo Act of 1807 and Non-Intercourse Act of 1809 of
Jefferson done to target these problems
. . B. Madison orders Macon Act of 1810
. . . . 1. Withdrew all restriction on trade with England and France
. . . . 2. Whichever nation ceased attacks upon US commerce will be rewarded with cease of trading from other
. . . . . . a. France accepts, so no trade with England. However, France still attacking US shps
. . . . . . b. verge of war against England
III. War of 1812
. . A. War Hawks: fan war spirit and support all war
. . . . 1. Led by Henry Clay; John c. Calhoun also big leader
. . . . 2. motivated by hatred of England and/or ambition for expansion
. . . . 3. Blame Indian wars on Canada
. . . . . . a. during this period, William Henry Harrison defeats Native American confederacy of Tecumseh in battle of Tippecanoe
. . B. War of 1812 strange war
. . . . 1. Neither side wanted it to happen
. . . . . . a. US had small navy vs. very powerful British Royal Navy
. . . . . . b. Neither side won any big gains: US can't take Canada; British can't overpower US
. . . . . . c. Treaty of Ghent est. peace with no agreement on peace terms (Dec. 24, 1814)
. . . . . . d. no penalties, no indemnities, no territorial adjustments
. . C. Impact of War of 1812
. . . . 1. General Andrew Jackson had won Battle of New Orleans against British with few losses (15 days after Treaty of Ghent)
. . . . . . a. Americans view War of 1812 US win
. . . . 2. United States was able to demonstrate might and est. of nation by defeating most powerful nation in the world
. . . . 3. Treaty of Ghent demonstrates that US is a permanent gov't
. . . . 4. Receive international standing- Federalist show financial responsibility, ability to maintain US through arms
. . . . 5. Wave of nationalism strikes US. people think in terms of nation and not just state
. . . . 6. Ushers in Era of Good Feelings
. . C. Important Events
. . . . 1. June 18, 1812- War declared when US has dangerously divided Congress and people
. . . . 2. Aug 27,1812: US takes Canada governor's house and sets gov't building on fire; British raid on Washington = retaliation (Aug. 24-25 1814)
. . . . 3. Jun. 1 1813: Captain James Lawrence in command of US frigate Chesapeake as it is taken by British frigate.
. . . . . . a. Order of "Don't give up the shit" becomes US Navy slogan
. . . . 4. Sept. 10, 1813: Captain Oliver H. Perry announced victory against British ships with message: "We have met enemy and they are ours"
. . . . 5. Oct. 5, 1813: Perry's victory persuade British to evacuate Detroit. William H. Harrison takes Detroit and fight Native Americans
. . . . . . a. Kills Native American leader Tecumseh and brings end of Native American support of the British
. . . . 6. Sept 13-14: Fort McHenry bombarded by British
. . . . . . a. Francis Scott Key inspired to write "Star Spangled Banner" - US anthem on March 3, 1931
. . . . 7. Dec. 24, 1814: Treaty of Ghent agreed on
III. Hartford Convention (Dec. 15, 1814- Jan 5,1815)
Note the date. Started BEFORE end of war, but AFTER Treaty of Ghent and 3 DAYS BEFORE Jackson Battle of New York
. . A. The People of the Convention: Federalists
. . . . 1. George Cabot of Mass. presided over the convention- curbs more extreme Federalists and kept resolution w/in legal bounds
. . . . . . a. Large reason Hartford Convention displayed self-restraint and moderation
. . . . 2. Timothy Pickering (Secretary of State for Washington and Adams) proposed secession of New England from the Union
. . . . 3. To Federalists, this was "Madison's War"- atmosphere in which Hartford Convention met
. . B. Secession?
. . . . 1. issue of secession debated
. . . . . . a. rejected on basis that it was inexpedient
. . . . . . b. felt secession was too drastic a cure for problems that could be cured with time and Constitutional adjustments
. . C. Resolutions
. . . . 1. proposals for amendments to the Constituion
. . . . 2. No embargoes last for 60+days
. . . . 3. 2/3s vote for each House
. . . . . . a. declaring war (would have prevented War of 1812)
. . . . . . b. place restrictions on foreign trade
. . . . . . c. admit new states to the Union*
. . . . 4. No naturalized citizens shall hold any federal office*
. . . . 5. abolish 3/5s count of slaves and reduce delegation to the South*
. . . . 6. No President shall have more than one term* (Adams only Federalist and a one term president)
. . . . 7. No two successive Presidents shall be from the same state* (get rid of Virgina Dynasty - Washington, Jefferson, Madison)
*like the Naturalization, Alien, and Sedition Acts, these were done largely to take power away from the Re
. . D. Problems and downfall of Federalists
. . . . 1. Committee of three headed by Harrison Otis of Mass. try to "negotiate" with federal gov't
. . . . 2. Arrive at same time as news of JAcson's victory at New Orleans and Treaty of Ghent
. . . . . . a, Public ridicule and contempt heaped upon Federalists and their proposals
. . . . 3. Labeled as Traitors and considered last act of Federalist as major party
IV. First Protective Tariff (1816)
. . A. Build Up
. . . . 1. Ideas expressed by Hamilton in favor of protection becomes popular
. . . . . . a. Embargo Act of 1807 -> end of War of 1812 + policies of US Gov't + Napoleonic Wars = depressed imports
. . . . 2. Hostility toward England created ill will toward British products
. . . . 3. After War of 1812, spirit of unity and nat'lism following war smother sectionalism so characteristic of tariff legislation
. . . . 4. Defeat of Native Americans at battle of Tippecanoe in 1811 and death of Tecumseh lessened Native American menace in the Northwest Territory
. . . . 5. People moving west; southwest growing
. . . . . . a. Necessity to hold spreading population together - common concern
. . B. Protective tariff
. . . . 1. American manufacturers would have the domestic market relatively free from British competition
. . . . 2. Agricultural America could feed the towns and cities and supply many of raw products for factories
. . . . 3. highways, turnpikes, and canals could be combined with a protective tariff program
. . . . . . a. outlook for prosperity and unity seemed promising
. . C. Factors that favored protective tariff
. . . . 1. British merchants were ready to flood our markets with superior merchandise at prices new/inefficient America can not meet
. . . . 2. Bunch of small enterprises formed to supply demand created by lack of imports- every section of US needs to protect enterprises
. . D. Average rates about 25% ad valorum (on the price)
. . C. Support was universal due to nat'lism at the time
. . . . 1. John Calhoun (soon to be great Southern leader against protective tariffs) worked with Henry Clay in favor of protective tariffs
. . . . 2. Jefferson supported it despite strict construction of constitution; later changes his mind
Commentary: In my opinion, the War of 1812 was clearly something that was a turning point in the United States. It seems that the United States is a nation that thrives off of war. Only through war is the US able to overcome any of its problems, and therefore I can see why there are many war hawks even to this day. With the War of 1812, the United States became a formidable nation, able to stand up to the world. Then there was World War I and World War II in which the wars propelled the United States to become a great global power. Without such wars, America would most definitely not be the powerful nation it is today.
The author of this book doesn't describe any of the United States problems, which I hope I will learn in some other book. It is most definitely biased, focusing almost entirely on the United States victories. With a tie, I would assume that there were some United States losses and alot of problems internally in the American gov't, but the only I can see is the Hartford Convention. Unfortunately, it is becoming more and more clear that this author views the United States as all good, with its problems directed only at a view people or parties or movements. It is important to take the opinions in this book with a grain of salt.
A MAD(Madison) man Row(4) a boat of SoaP(09) shaped like a DuCK(17).
I. Election and Reelection
. . A. Election: James Madison vs. Charles C. Pinckney
. . . . 1. Republicans: loss of shipping business and ctd. violation of neutral rights by France and England
. . . . 2. Federalist party makes gains in House, but no majority
. . B. Reelection (1812): 5 months after War of 1812
. . . . 1. Federalists make Big gains in Congress; states with seacoast don't support Republican party
II. Macon Act
. . A. Britain: Orders in council; France: Berlin and Milan Decrees
. . . . 1. est. policy of seizing any neutral shipping headed for enemy ports; any ship subject to capture by either England or France
. . . . 2. Embargo Act of 1807 and Non-Intercourse Act of 1809 of
Jefferson done to target these problems
. . B. Madison orders Macon Act of 1810
. . . . 1. Withdrew all restriction on trade with England and France
. . . . 2. Whichever nation ceased attacks upon US commerce will be rewarded with cease of trading from other
. . . . . . a. France accepts, so no trade with England. However, France still attacking US shps
. . . . . . b. verge of war against England
III. War of 1812
. . A. War Hawks: fan war spirit and support all war
. . . . 1. Led by Henry Clay; John c. Calhoun also big leader
. . . . 2. motivated by hatred of England and/or ambition for expansion
. . . . 3. Blame Indian wars on Canada
. . . . . . a. during this period, William Henry Harrison defeats Native American confederacy of Tecumseh in battle of Tippecanoe
. . B. War of 1812 strange war
. . . . 1. Neither side wanted it to happen
. . . . . . a. US had small navy vs. very powerful British Royal Navy
. . . . . . b. Neither side won any big gains: US can't take Canada; British can't overpower US
. . . . . . c. Treaty of Ghent est. peace with no agreement on peace terms (Dec. 24, 1814)
. . . . . . d. no penalties, no indemnities, no territorial adjustments
. . C. Impact of War of 1812
. . . . 1. General Andrew Jackson had won Battle of New Orleans against British with few losses (15 days after Treaty of Ghent)
. . . . . . a. Americans view War of 1812 US win
. . . . 2. United States was able to demonstrate might and est. of nation by defeating most powerful nation in the world
. . . . 3. Treaty of Ghent demonstrates that US is a permanent gov't
. . . . 4. Receive international standing- Federalist show financial responsibility, ability to maintain US through arms
. . . . 5. Wave of nationalism strikes US. people think in terms of nation and not just state
. . . . 6. Ushers in Era of Good Feelings
. . C. Important Events
. . . . 1. June 18, 1812- War declared when US has dangerously divided Congress and people
. . . . 2. Aug 27,1812: US takes Canada governor's house and sets gov't building on fire; British raid on Washington = retaliation (Aug. 24-25 1814)
. . . . 3. Jun. 1 1813: Captain James Lawrence in command of US frigate Chesapeake as it is taken by British frigate.
. . . . . . a. Order of "Don't give up the shit" becomes US Navy slogan
. . . . 4. Sept. 10, 1813: Captain Oliver H. Perry announced victory against British ships with message: "We have met enemy and they are ours"
. . . . 5. Oct. 5, 1813: Perry's victory persuade British to evacuate Detroit. William H. Harrison takes Detroit and fight Native Americans
. . . . . . a. Kills Native American leader Tecumseh and brings end of Native American support of the British
. . . . 6. Sept 13-14: Fort McHenry bombarded by British
. . . . . . a. Francis Scott Key inspired to write "Star Spangled Banner" - US anthem on March 3, 1931
. . . . 7. Dec. 24, 1814: Treaty of Ghent agreed on
III. Hartford Convention (Dec. 15, 1814- Jan 5,1815)
Note the date. Started BEFORE end of war, but AFTER Treaty of Ghent and 3 DAYS BEFORE Jackson Battle of New York
. . A. The People of the Convention: Federalists
. . . . 1. George Cabot of Mass. presided over the convention- curbs more extreme Federalists and kept resolution w/in legal bounds
. . . . . . a. Large reason Hartford Convention displayed self-restraint and moderation
. . . . 2. Timothy Pickering (Secretary of State for Washington and Adams) proposed secession of New England from the Union
. . . . 3. To Federalists, this was "Madison's War"- atmosphere in which Hartford Convention met
. . B. Secession?
. . . . 1. issue of secession debated
. . . . . . a. rejected on basis that it was inexpedient
. . . . . . b. felt secession was too drastic a cure for problems that could be cured with time and Constitutional adjustments
. . C. Resolutions
. . . . 1. proposals for amendments to the Constituion
. . . . 2. No embargoes last for 60+days
. . . . 3. 2/3s vote for each House
. . . . . . a. declaring war (would have prevented War of 1812)
. . . . . . b. place restrictions on foreign trade
. . . . . . c. admit new states to the Union*
. . . . 4. No naturalized citizens shall hold any federal office*
. . . . 5. abolish 3/5s count of slaves and reduce delegation to the South*
. . . . 6. No President shall have more than one term* (Adams only Federalist and a one term president)
. . . . 7. No two successive Presidents shall be from the same state* (get rid of Virgina Dynasty - Washington, Jefferson, Madison)
*like the Naturalization, Alien, and Sedition Acts, these were done largely to take power away from the Re
. . D. Problems and downfall of Federalists
. . . . 1. Committee of three headed by Harrison Otis of Mass. try to "negotiate" with federal gov't
. . . . 2. Arrive at same time as news of JAcson's victory at New Orleans and Treaty of Ghent
. . . . . . a, Public ridicule and contempt heaped upon Federalists and their proposals
. . . . 3. Labeled as Traitors and considered last act of Federalist as major party
IV. First Protective Tariff (1816)
. . A. Build Up
. . . . 1. Ideas expressed by Hamilton in favor of protection becomes popular
. . . . . . a. Embargo Act of 1807 -> end of War of 1812 + policies of US Gov't + Napoleonic Wars = depressed imports
. . . . 2. Hostility toward England created ill will toward British products
. . . . 3. After War of 1812, spirit of unity and nat'lism following war smother sectionalism so characteristic of tariff legislation
. . . . 4. Defeat of Native Americans at battle of Tippecanoe in 1811 and death of Tecumseh lessened Native American menace in the Northwest Territory
. . . . 5. People moving west; southwest growing
. . . . . . a. Necessity to hold spreading population together - common concern
. . B. Protective tariff
. . . . 1. American manufacturers would have the domestic market relatively free from British competition
. . . . 2. Agricultural America could feed the towns and cities and supply many of raw products for factories
. . . . 3. highways, turnpikes, and canals could be combined with a protective tariff program
. . . . . . a. outlook for prosperity and unity seemed promising
. . C. Factors that favored protective tariff
. . . . 1. British merchants were ready to flood our markets with superior merchandise at prices new/inefficient America can not meet
. . . . 2. Bunch of small enterprises formed to supply demand created by lack of imports- every section of US needs to protect enterprises
. . D. Average rates about 25% ad valorum (on the price)
. . C. Support was universal due to nat'lism at the time
. . . . 1. John Calhoun (soon to be great Southern leader against protective tariffs) worked with Henry Clay in favor of protective tariffs
. . . . 2. Jefferson supported it despite strict construction of constitution; later changes his mind
Commentary: In my opinion, the War of 1812 was clearly something that was a turning point in the United States. It seems that the United States is a nation that thrives off of war. Only through war is the US able to overcome any of its problems, and therefore I can see why there are many war hawks even to this day. With the War of 1812, the United States became a formidable nation, able to stand up to the world. Then there was World War I and World War II in which the wars propelled the United States to become a great global power. Without such wars, America would most definitely not be the powerful nation it is today.
The author of this book doesn't describe any of the United States problems, which I hope I will learn in some other book. It is most definitely biased, focusing almost entirely on the United States victories. With a tie, I would assume that there were some United States losses and alot of problems internally in the American gov't, but the only I can see is the Hartford Convention. Unfortunately, it is becoming more and more clear that this author views the United States as all good, with its problems directed only at a view people or parties or movements. It is important to take the opinions in this book with a grain of salt.